1. Those children play (noisy,noisily)

2. My uncle drives his car very (careful,carefully)

3. Juan feels (sad,sadly) whenever he visits that place.

4. She sang (beautiful,beautifully)just before church.

5. Directions should be given (plain,plainly).

6. The pole bolter cleared the bar (easy,easily).

7. The jump was (easy,easily) for the athlete.

8. The meal tasted (wonderful,wonderfully) to me.

9. The teacher spoke (serious,seriously)to the little boy.

10. Put your clothes away (neat,neatly).

1. The old creaky wagon traveled slowly
2. Many weary children slept soundly
3. A soft comforter provided a warm,snug bed.
4. Two restless babies cried occasionaly.
5. Patient mothers hummed soothing lullabies.
6. The squeaking wheels created a striking contrast.
7. The lonely,desolate trail stretched endlessly.
8. An eagle circled the lumbering wagons ominously.
9. The exhausted travelers heard a startling,unfamiliar sound.
10. Anxious eyes scanned the surrounding rocky hills.

example : The Scout and little boy ate hurriedly

The words stout and little describe the boy and the word hurriedly describes how he ate. These words are called modifiers. If you remove the small word the in the sentence,you would probably find it akward,although it does not add meaning to a sentence. This small word the including a,an,two,all,few,some,etc.,is called a noun marker.

Enthalpy of Physical Change
Enthalpy of Chemical Change- the change in enthalpy when the reactants in their standard states change to product in their standard states.

HESS'S LAW - The standard enthalpy of an overall reaction is the sum of the standard enthalpies of the individual reactions into which a reaction may be divided.

Standard Enthalpy of Formation - the standard reaction enthalpy for the formation of the compound from its elements in their reference states.

Standard Enthalpy of Combustion - the standard reaction enthalpy for the burning of substance with oxygen normally yielding carbon dioxide and water.

Kirchoff's Law
Joule and Joule Thomson Experiments

Colligative properties

osmotic pressure
Vapor Pressure Lowering
Freezing Point Depression
Boiling Poin Elevation

Zeroth Law of thermodynamics - If A is in thermal equilibrium with B and B is thermal Equilibrium with C then, A and C are in thermal quilibrium.

First Law of thermodynamics - Law of Energy Conservation. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed only be transformed from one form to another.

Second Law of Thermodynamics - The entropy of the Universe increases.

Third law of Thermodynamics - The entropy of all perfect crystal is zero at absolute zero (0 degree Kelvin). It is impossible by any procedure to reduce any system to the absolute zero of temperature in a finite number of idealized steps.


***********recall the four fundamental Laws of Thermodynamics (U or E,H,A,G)*********

Thermochemistry - study of the heat changes accompanying chemical reactions.